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pitch boilers, Kalkbrenner, Pott Aschenbrenner and other pit graves

Hauptgrund für die Impakthypothese waren ursprünglich die Funde auffälliger, kreisförmiger Vertiefungen im Öttinger Forst. Ein Kritikpunkt an dieser Deutung war jedoch bald die laxe Überprüfung alternativer, anthropogener (von Menschen..) Ursachen für diese Strukturen. So wurden durchaus vorhandene Hinweise auf archäologische Strukturen innerhalb einer dieser Vertiefungen oder die Nutzung als Kalkbrenngruben einer anderen von Fehr et al. (2005) ohne weitere Überprüfung als Sekundärnutzung dismissed.

is now the area has long been known but for many archaeological archaeological monuments. The Bavarian State Conservation Office listed at about Emmerting a large cremation cemetery. (So it's no accident that the history of this, for probe-goers such an attractive, town took its beginning) is well documented, the intense economic exploitation of the forests in the past centuries. A number of professions were the people there make a living: boiling pitch, Pott Aschenbrenner, Lohman, Köhler, soap makers, etc., and of course the Kalkbrenner. The hardships of everyday life that people describe wines Berger (2001) forcefully. How easily be seen from the job titles is not only necessary for the production of high temperatures Kalkbrenner. These have been proved by the finds of glass pebbles and serve as an important argument of Impaktfreunden. But they are obviously not an exclusive characteristic of meteorite impacts. When lime thoroughly temperatures of> 1000 ° C have been experimentally demonstrated by Sölter (1970) and Uschmann (2006).

The most primitive devices for the exercise of any of these professions as Kalkbrenner or potash burners are simple pits. For example gives Joendel (1826), the following guidance for potash burning:


The largest by far Number of the CIRT cited "crater" shows remarkable small diameter of less than 7 meters. Uschmann (2006) shows in his tests that the diameter of between 1-5 meters Kalkbrenngruben are measured most often. The dimensions thus coincide very well.

Kalkbrenngruben and other economic forest pits for boiling pitch or potash boilers, etc., are thus found for the circular depressions an obvious explanation. They can also serve for the frequently found glass crusts or matted, hard brick horizons as an explanation. Melted artifacts are expected from the area were cremations. It is certainly not allowed without further investigations to exclude anthropogenic causes from the outset.

Literature:

Joedel (1828): The landwirthschaftliche architecture.
Sölter, W. (1970): Roman Kalkbrenner im Rheinland
Fehr et. al. (2005)
Uschmann, KU (2006): lime kilns in the iron and the Roman Empire between Weser and Vistula